Jim Bowie, born James Bowie (1796-1836) was an American pioneer and trader. He also smuggled slaves to freedom. As a soldier, Bowie played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution. He was among the Americans who fought at the Battle of the Alamo.
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Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857-1894) was a German physicist. He was the first to prove the existence of the electromagnetic waves. The waves were predicted in James Clerk Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetism. The unit of frequency, cycle per second, was named “hertz” in Hertz’s honor.
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Brothers Jules ((1830-1896) & Edmond (1822-1896) de Goncourt were the aristocrats of modern French literature and publishing. They were born to nobility, cultivated, neurotic and extremely arrogant. Seldom apart their collaboration was so complete that there were rarely mentioned separately.
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Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880) was a French novelist. He was a leader of the literary realism movement in France. Flaubert helped install the realist school into French literature. He is best known for his masterpiece Madame Bovary.
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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) was a Dutch microbiologist and microscopist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. Know as the Father of Microbiology, Leeuwenhoek used his self-made lenses to discover single-celled animals and plants, bacteria, and spermatozoa.
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Heinrich von Kleist (1777-1811) was a poet, dramatist, novelist, and a short story writer. He was the first of the great 19th-century German dramatists and lived in the Kingdom of Prussia of the Holy Roman Empire. His work was during the Romanticism literary movement.
After serving in the Prussian army for seven year his life took a dramatic turn when he was send to prison accused as a spy. Simultaneously his work attracted attention. Since then his disturbing fiction has been widely admired by writers.
The grim and intense drama Penthesilea (1808) contains some of his most powerful poetry. The Broken Pitcher (1808) is a masterpiece of dramatic comedy. They were followed by Katherine of Heilbronn (1810), Die Hermannsschlacht (1821). The Prince of Homburg (1821). In 1811 he published a collection of eight masterly novellas, including Michael Kohlhaas, The Earthquake in Chile, and The Marquise of O.
Despite this he never gained the recognition he thought he deserved. Eventually, depressed and embittered Kleist ended his life in a joint suicide with a 34 year old woman.
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Casimir Delavigne (1793–1843) was the most talented of the dramatists, filling the gap between neoclassical tragedy and romantic drama, Delavigne first achieved popularity in 1819 with his play with Les Vêpres Sicilians. Inspired by the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, he wrote two impassioned poems. His “La Parisienne”, set to music by Daniel Auber, was on the lips of every Frenchman, as popular the Marseillaise.
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Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (1488-1559) was a Spanish explorer of the New World. In 1527 he survived Narváez expedition and spent eight years traveling across what is now the US Southwest. He became a trader and faith healer to various Native American tribes. Eventually he reconnected with the Spanish in Mexico and sailed back to Spain in 1537. Cabeza de Vaca’s “Shipwrecks and Commentaries” was valued for his detailed accounts of tribes of Native Americans.
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Vladimir Lenin, (1870-1924) born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. He was a Chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of the Soviet Union and became a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. Lenin served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924.
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Robert Southey (1774-1843) was an English poet of the Romantic school, and Poet Laureate from 1813. Southey and Lake Poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge began as a radical gradually shifted to conservative gaining respect for Britain and its institutions.
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