Kamehameha (1758-1819) was the first Hawaiian monarch. He was born on Kohala, Hawaii to Chief Keouakupuapaikalaninui and Chiefess Keku’iapoiwa though there were rumors about an adoption. Kamehameha’s birth coincided with Halley’s Comet, seen in 1758. In 1810 he become the first king of the Kingdom of Hawaii after the chiefdoms of all the islands united under one leader.
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John Gay (1685-1732) was a poet and dramatist. He is best known for writing The Beggar’s Opera, a good humored satire. Gay was a part of an ancient but impoverished Devonshire family.
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Jean Paul Marat (1743-1793) was a French political theorist, physician, and scientist. Marat published his views in pamphlets, placards and newspapers. A journalist and politician during the French Revolution, Marat was a fierce defender of the sans-culottes, a radical voice.
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Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) was an American industrialist. He founded Standard Oil, the Florida East Coast Railway and the Florida cities of Miami and Palm Beach. Flagler was a major figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida.
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Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini (1760 –1842) was an Italian Classical and Romantic composer. He composed operas and sacred music. Beethoven regarded Cherubini as the greatest living composer of his era. His operas were heavily praised and interpreted by Rossini.
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Cinco de Mayo is in remembrance of the battle at the city of Puebla Mexico. On May 5th 1862 young Mexican General Ignaciao Zaragoza faced down 6000 of the Napoleon III Zouaves. The Zouaves were an elite French fighting force with pristine uniforms and expensive equipment. Zaragoza had under his command only 4500 rag-tag men wielding machetes and rickety rifles. The arrogant French General Charles Ferdinand Latrille, Count of Lorencez believed the lowly Mexicans would roll over under his assault. They didn’t and that coupled with his military strategy mistakes cost him the battle and his post. The victory was much needed by the Mexican people and has been celebrated every year since. Unfortunately Zaragoza died of Typhoid fever shortly after his greatest triumph.
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Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer. He believed in science and Romantic philosophy. Humboldt travelled extensively in the Americas and wrote and published several volumes on his travels. He is considered both “the father of ecology” and “the father of environmentalism.”
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Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti (1797-1848) was an Italian composer, best known for 70 operas. Along with Gioachino Rossini and Vincenzo Bellini, Donizetti was a leading composer of the bel canto opera style during the first half of the nineteenth century. He influenced Giuseppe Verdi.
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Franz Joseph (1830-1916) was the emperor of Austria from 1848 to his death and the king of Hungary from 1867 to 1916. He divided his empire into the Dual Monarchy. In 1879 he formed an alliance with Prussian which was led by Germany.
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Pierre Marie François de Sales Baillot (1771-1852) was a French violinist and composer. He was born in Passy, Paris, France he wrote “the Art of the Violin.” He taught at the Conservatoire de Paris along with Pierre Rode and Rodolphe Kreutzer. Kreutzer wrote the Conservatoire’s official violin method. Baillot studied the violin under Giovanni Battista Viotti.
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