Victor Emmanuel (1820-1878) was King of Sardinia from 1849 until 1861, when he assumed the title of King of Italy. He was the first king of an independent united Italy since the 6th century. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to King Victor Emmanuel II. The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand (June 28, 1914) was the main catalyst for the start of the Great War (World War I).
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